Plastic volleyball court design and equipment specifications

The volleyball court is rectangular, 18 meters long and 9 meters wide. There is a minimum 3-meter-wide unobstructed area around the court. There is a minimum 7-meter-high unobstructed space above the court. For international FIVB competitions, the unobstructed area must extend at least 5 meters beyond the sidelines and at least 8 meters beyond the end lines. The unobstructed airspace above the playing court should be at least 12.5 meters high.

Volleyball Court Standards

       The volleyball court is rectangular, 18 meters long and 9 meters wide. There is an unobstructed area of at least 3 meters wide around the court. There is an unobstructed space of at least 7 meters from the ground. For international FIVB competitions, the unobstructed area outside the sidelines is at least 5 meters, and at least 8 meters outside the end lines. The unobstructed space above the court is at least 12.5 meters high. 

       All boundary lines are 5 centimeters wide, and their color is different from the ground and other markings. The longer sides of the rectangular court are the sidelines, and the shorter sides are the end lines. The width of the sidelines and end lines is included in the area of the playing court. 

       The center line is under the net, connecting the midpoints of the two sidelines, dividing the court into two equal halves. In each half, an attack line is drawn 3 meters from the center line (its width is included). The area between the center line and the attack line is the front zone. 

       On the extensions of the two sidelines, 20 centimeters from the end lines, two 5-centimeter short lines perpendicular to the end lines are drawn. The area between the two short lines is the service zone, and the width of the short lines is included in the service zone. The depth of the service zone extends to the end of the unobstructed area. 

       The area outside the sideline on the scorer's side between the extensions of the two attack lines is the substitution zone. 

       For international FIVB competitions, a 3-meter x 3-meter warm-up area is marked at the far end of the bench outside the unobstructed area. 

       The volleyball net is 9.50 meters long and 1 meter wide, with 10-centimeter square mesh, black in color. A 5-centimeter wide double layer of white canvas is sewn along the top. The net is hung on net posts on both sides, perpendicular to the center line. The height of the net for men is 2.43 meters, and for women is 2.24 meters. A 5-centimeter wide white marking band is hung on each side of the net, perpendicular to the sidelines. A 1.80-meter long red and white striped flagpole is placed on the outside of each marking band. The top of the pole is 80 centimeters above the top of the net.  

Basic Requirements for Volleyball Courts

       The court surface can be made of earth, wood, plastic, or other synthetic materials. For international FIVB competitions, the court surface must be made of wood, plastic, or other synthetic materials. 

       The court surface must be flat, level, and uniform, without any hazards that could injure players. The surface must not be rough, wet, or slippery. The surface of indoor courts must be light-colored. 

       Outdoor courts must have drainage, with a slope of 5 millimeters per meter. No hard objects can be used as court boundary lines. 

       For international FIVB indoor competitions, the illumination measured at a height of 1 meter above the ground should be 1000-5000 lux. The placement of lighting equipment should not obstruct the players' vision. 

       Service Zone The service zone is 9 meters wide and located behind the end line (excluding the end line). Two 15-centimeter long short lines are drawn behind each end line, perpendicular to and 20 centimeters from the end line. The area between the two short lines is the service zone, and the width of the short lines is included in the service zone. The depth of the service zone extends to the end of the unobstructed area.

Volleyball Court - Substitution Zone

　　The area outside the sideline on the scorer's side between the extensions of the two attack lines is the substitution zone.

Volleyball Court - Warm-up Area

       For international FIVB competitions, a 3x3 meter warm-up area is marked at the far end of the bench outside the unobstructed area. 

       Volleyball Court Temperature and Lighting The minimum temperature must not be lower than 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). For international FIVB indoor competitions, the maximum temperature must not exceed 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit), and the minimum temperature must not be lower than 16 degrees Celsius (61 degrees Fahrenheit). For international FIVB indoor competitions, the illumination measured at a height of 1 meter above the ground should be 1000-1500 lux.

Volleyball Court - Net and Posts

　　The net is set up above the center line, at a height of 2.43 meters for men and 2.24 meters for women. The height of the net is measured from the middle of the court, and the height at both ends (above the sidelines) must be equal and not exceed the specified height by more than 2 centimeters. The net is black, 9.50 meters long and 1 meter wide, with a mesh diameter of 10 centimeters. A 5-centimeter wide double layer of white canvas is sewn along the top of the net. Small holes are left at both ends of the band, and ropes are passed through the holes and tied to the net posts to tighten the top of the net. A flexible steel wire is passed through the canvas band to tighten and secure the top of the net to the net posts. The bottom of the net is strung with a rope and tightened and secured to the net posts.

Volleyball Court - Marking Bands

Two 5-centimeter wide and 1-meter long white bands are used as marking bands, attached to both ends of the net, perpendicular to the sidelines. The marking bands are considered part of the net.

Volleyball Court - Flagpoles

　　The flagpoles are two flexible poles, 1.80 meters long and 10 millimeters in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar material. Two flagpoles are placed on either side of the net, outside the marking bands. The flagpoles extend 80 centimeters above the net. The extended part should be painted with clearly contrasting colors every 10 centimeters, preferably red and white. The flagpoles are considered part of the net and are considered the boundary of the net area.

Volleyball Court - Net Posts

       The net posts are set up 0.5-1 meter outside the sidelines, 2.55 meters high, and preferably adjustable in height. Two net posts are used to support the net. The net posts should be smooth and without zippers. All dangerous facilities or obstacles must be removed.